Writing Wikipedia for Seattle
A former Wikipedian explains what drove him to update and correct entries on Seattle's city streets — and why he's since found better ways to use his time.
Until recently, it was rare to encounter one's own writing cited online. If you had that pleasure, you were probably a professor, the author of a reference work, a professional historian or journalist ... in short, you were paid for your work and did it exclusively, or nearly so. But as anyone with a passing interest in the Internet can tell you, Wikipedia — where I've been a contributor for over five years — has changed everything.
Not counting my work as an Amazon.com editor, the first time I discovered someone had cited my writing was in April, when a commenter on VintageSeattle.org linked to the article I'd started almost exactly four years before on the Lacey V. Murrow Floating Bridge. Soon after, Seattle's street layout came up in the comments to Crosscut deputy editor Lisa Albers's post "The newcomer name game." Not wanting to cite my own article on the subject, I went looking for information at "Seattle 101" on the city's Web site ... and there it was, linked from the bottom of the page, next to probably their best piece of advice: Buy and carry a street map. (Speaking of maps, the debut of my cartography on the greater Web happened in 2006, when the Washington State Democrats used one of my maps to illustrate their slogan "Let's make Eastern Washington blue!")
I've edited articles ranging from Korean romanization and Shibe Park to Finchley Road tube station and — for the life of me I can't remember why — Natural afro-hair, but by far the majority of the 4,000-plus articles I've worked on, and almost all of the articles I've created, have to do with Seattle, Washington state, or the greater Pacific Northwest. But why? It's not as if my training is in local history: If we went by credentialed expertise à la Wikipedia's predecessor, Nupedia (or Britannica or Encarta, for that matter), I'd only have written about linguistics or — more likely — not be a contributor at all. And why Wikipedia in the first place?
A Seattle native — born on Capitol Hill, raised in Washington Park, matriculated at Montlake — I've been an amateur of the city since I was six, when my father bought me a copy of Sophie Frye Bass's Pig-Tail Days in Old Seattle at the MOHAI gift shop. My favorite chapters were, and still are, those on the pioneer town's streets, how they got their names, and how they'd changed through the years. One of my most cherished childhood memories is sitting in the front seat of Dad's car (that wouldn't pass legal muster today) with a dogeared city map in my hand, directing him down various avenues and boulevards through neighborhoods we'd normally have no cause to traverse. (I called it "exploring," and recommend it to all parents with a budding roadgeek in the family.) I read whatever I could find on the area, from Spiedel and Morgan to Dorpat and Sale. But there existed no comprehensive reference along the lines of Weinreb and Hibbert's London Encyclopaedia until the debut of Walt Crowley's HistoryLink.org in 1999.
Now, HistoryLink was more than welcome — Britannica and Encarta had no room for Kirkland, let alone South Park or Georgetown — but as the name implies, the site is a historical encyclopedia. (Speaking of Kirkland, its HistoryLink article was written for launch and only covers the city's development through 1988.) Wikipedia certainly wasn't designed to fill this gap, but it does so admirably. As the Boston Globe notes, it's full of would-be historians. It also doesn't suffer from the constraints of space, publication cycles, small staff size, or need to make a profit that hamper its competitors. When I first stumbled across the site in 2003, brought there by a Google search on the word "wiki" (then emerging as the information-sharing medium of choice at Amazon.com), the basics were there, but I found the articles on Washington's counties somewhat lacking. Written, as they were, by a rather ingeniously programmed "bot" drawing upon census information, they were missing basic details such as county seat and etymology.
Before Amazon, I spent nearly three years as a permatemp at Encarta, where something as simple as changing a comma to a semicolon — let alone correcting or adding such statements of fact — required an entire bug cycle and the talents of at least a text prepper and a proofreader, and perhaps a copyeditor and subject editor as well. Many of these bugs would be postponed to the next year's edition for sheer lack of time. Imagine, then, how liberating Wikipedia's instant-publishing model was for me! I started off with Asotin County (seat at Asotin, name from a Nez Perce word meaning "eel creek") and didn't look back ... for a few years. By 2006 I and the other members of WikiProject Seattle had brought "Seattle" to "featured article" status, and I'd laid the groundwork for a series of articles on the city's many neighborhoods. In a sense, the easy work was done. Now came the task of keeping the whole thing under control.
And it was then that many of us began to drop off. A variety of factors contributed to this, but chief among them was that what started out as a "radically open," libertarian project grounded in founder Jimbo Wales's Hayekian/Randian roots had begun to turn into a process-bound bureaucracy whose watchword was "verifiability, not truth" and in which the letter of the law routinely trumped the spirit. After one too many run-ins with editors who insisted on using the Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas — not facts on the ground — as the basic taxonomy for articles on Seattle neighborhoods (I'm sorry, but the president of the UW does not live in the CD), I came to realize there were better things to do with the time I spent online.
In addition, back in 2003, it was still possible for me to keep a daily eye on changes to the articles in my watchlist. These days it'd probably be a full-time job — one which I'd certainly take if it were paid! But as things are, I'm content these days to fix the odd typo or factual error, add historical photos here and there, create the occasional "stub" article (generally a few sentences long, intended as a placeholder for someone with a lot more time to spare)... and spend the majority of my time on Wikipedia doing what I love best, which is reading and learning. I still believe in the cause: as Saul Hansell blogs on NYTimes.com, "[so] much value is created when the power to create is spread widely. And though it's in a sense admirable, I'm skeptical of Britannica's efforts to marry Wikipedia's model to their own; Encarta try the same thing in 2005, and Encarta Feedback seems to have died a quiet death since. I don't see Wikipedia suffering the same fate as long as its pharisaic tendencies are reversed — or at least moderated — by new contributors who are willing to assert that two plus two equals four, even if "official" sources say otherwise. If that's a description of you, please, dive in; perhaps in the not too distant future you'll find your own words being cited when you go looking for information.
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Comments:
Posted Thu, Jun 19, 9:44 a.m. Inappropriate
Wikepedia and my native Seattle-: As another Capitol Hill (Providence Hospital) Seattle native, I really appreciated this. Also as a somewhat guarded online user of Wikepedia (versus Brittanica), what I read of the workings of same made me even more so. Jerry Gropp Architect AIA.
Posted Thu, Jun 19, 5:06 p.m. Inappropriate
As its name suggests, I imagine Wikipedia's goals parallel those of other encyclopedias -- to provide a wide range of information as accurately and objectively as possible. The medium is at once attractive and suspect for its open and anonymous access.
But what if a wiki broadened its scope and narrowed its focus, drawing primarily from a place-based community for its material? Wikis can be more than repositories for articles. They can be springboards for projects, complementing the positive patterns of the physical community.
Columbia City has a neighborhood wiki. It lets neighbors share information and insights that are relevant to here. With a fairly discrete set of users, it can be more of a challenge to build interest and momentum. But it's also familiar -- there's a good chance that any wiki-collaborators will eventually meet in person.
Anyway, from your article you seem a little worn out by the role of wiki-monitoring. In the last year, I've been heartened to realize that wikis can take on a role in community organizing that moves beyond articles and encourages users to turn out and step up in the neighborhood.
Posted Fri, Jun 20, 9:29 a.m. Inappropriate
greetings from WikiProject Oregon!: Nice article, Benjamin. Hello from WikiProject Oregon -- come drop us a note some time, maybe we can persuade you to jump back in! Not all of us are process-driven bureaucrat types, you know…some corners of the 'pedia are really thriving these days.
Posted Fri, Jun 20, 1 p.m. Inappropriate
Brings back memories: Having played a small part in making Seattle a "featured article" on Wikipedia, it's good to see this take from someone whose work I remember well. I'd say the city has some of Wikipedia's more in-depth coverage for an urban area, helped in part by resources like HistoryLink. We actually just had a meetup last night, too bad I didn't know about this article beforehand, it would have been interesting to discuss how best to define neighborhoods. Part of the challenge is that wikis can be so free-form and flexible, some people aren't comfortable with it and look to import hard-and-fast rules from elsewhere even if they aren't appropriate. But it's amazing to see how firmly established Wikipedia is in our culture now.
Posted Fri, Jun 20, 3:17 p.m. Inappropriate
People often come to Wikipedia with the attitude that it's here to decide the truth on matters via some collective "wisdom of the crowds", but it's probably one of the most fundamental misconceptions about the project. We don't decide the truth. We report what others - published sources in particular - have to say. As a reader looking for info on the city, I'd rather take a pubished source's word on Seattle than the word of one random resident. Wouldn't you?
Posted Fri, Jun 20, 4:07 p.m. Inappropriate
This is both a strength and weakness of Wikipedia. On the one hand, editors do make an effort to follow a certain protocol, but in the meanwhile they tend to strip the meat of the content from subjects, leaving a dry, skeleton of an article. It brings to mind the blind men feeling the elephant idiom.
Perhaps this is unavoidable, but it's important to keep these failings in mind when using Wikipedia as a reference. For example, the best source I have ever encountered on Seattle's geography and streets is a mildly autistic dispatcher and former cabbie who can hear a Seattle address and visually describe the exact location and building it marks. His knowledge will probably never make it into Wikipedia, nor will the expertise of Vietnamese fishermen who know when and where, down to the month, day, hour and particular pier, shrimp and squid will appear in Puget Sound.
So I can relate to Ben's frustration with the process, which tends to reject a great deal of specific and valuable (not to mention correct) information in favor of "published" sources, which themselves are often slaves to the same convention, perpetuating a closed, circular representation of "truth."
Unfortunately, the imperious attitude of Wikipedia editors shines through in the comment by Wikipedia mandarin Steven Walling, who defends Wikipedia practices by derogatorily referring to individual sources as "one random resident," then rhetorically asking whether you would trust that individual as much as a published source.
Well, Mr. Walling, would you send a man to prison on the basis of a newspaper article if a witness - or "random resident" in your jargon - told an entirely different story? Sadly, I'm afraid you might.
See what the problem is here?
Posted Fri, Jun 20, 4:20 p.m. Inappropriate
Since you seem to value rich personal experience so highly, I find it more than ironic that you seem to think that criticism of Lukoff's points from a still-active contributor to Wikipedia like myself is so invalid.
Posted Sun, Jun 22, 11:09 p.m. Inappropriate
Scott — Yes, for the time spent, wiki-monitoring simply isn't as rewarding as article creation. But it does indeed take all types. I am thankful for those who do enjoy reverting the work of silly vandals. Thanks for the link to the Columbia City neighborhood wiki. Broadening scope and narrowing focus is a great idea. I'm an inclusionist and would frankly like to see a lot more (practical) informational content in Wikipedia itself; Encarta was actually a reference suite that included, among other things, an almanac; but it is indeed true that a neighborhood-based wiki is far more likely to foster community than a far-flung project like Wikipedia is. (Even at the occasional gatherings of local Wikipedians, often the only thing participants have in common is Wikipedia itself.)
Pete — Of course you're not all that way, and I like the strong community you seem to have built down in Oregon. (I think I will comment on your blog after I post these thoughts.) Part of it was I simply found myself with less free time as the years went by, and found that to contribute to Wikipedia at the level of engagement I'd have liked to would have eaten up too much of it. But also, I think the rulebound simply squawk louder than the more reasonable types such as yourself. It makes me think of Gresham's law, though that's probably going a bit too far.
Michael — Sorry to have missed the meetup. I find this comment of yours interesting: "Wikis can be so free-form and flexible, some people aren't comfortable with it and look to import hard-and-fast rules from elsewhere even if they aren't appropriate." What draws such people to wikis, then? Don't they know what they're getting into? If wikis' freewheeling nature turns them off so much, why don't they simply set up their own blogs?
Posted Mon, Jun 23, 12:12 a.m. Inappropriate
I think Wikipedia is suffering from a strong case instruction creep (see a summary of Seattle Meetup 4 for more, but only if you're really interested) and I'd be very sad to see it go down the same path as so many other large institutions. As I wrote, I still support the cause; I just don't have as much time to devote to it as I used to.
By the way, speaking of "random residents" and "divining the truth" being the role of the courts, it's specifically the role of juries — twelve random residents.
Wfprice — Of course. No one should ever use Wikipedia as their sole reference for anything they want to put their name to. It's a starting point par excellence. When did librarians stop teaching people not to simply rely on encyclopedias for their book reports?
I'd love to hear what your cab dispatcher and Vietnamese fishermen have to say. They may not make into an encyclopedia, but modern-day technology means they — or you, on their behalf — can at least blog about it.
By no means do I think we should overthrow good published sources as the basis for a well-researched, reliable encyclopedia, but we should always remember that publishers' imprimaturs probably don't mean what they used to (if they ever did), and always take into account the nature of our sources, no matter what they are.
Posted Fri, Jun 27, 3:11 p.m. Inappropriate
http://tinyurl.com/6dvdja
Posted Fri, Jun 27, 3:34 p.m. Inappropriate
The action is in writing history as it happens.... Wikipedia guarantees its readers a large audience. There's no shortage of ways to publish things online, most of which will start with readerships of precisely zero. The Internet gives everybody the power to be ignored. But editing a Wikipedia page that's at the heart of a breaking news story will affect thousands upon thousands of readers.
The thing is, Wikipedia isn't really about history at all. It's actually a creature of the moment. It might be spotty on historical details, but it's the best answer we have to the question, "Where do things stand right now?" ... It's not so much an encyclopedia as a registry of — and I use this word with some trepidation — reality. It's an ever-changing ledger book of where things stand in our universe. And being the one to register momentous news in the ledger of life is like being God's secretary.
This may or may not have been exactly what Jimmy Wales had in mind when he started Wikipedia those years ago. This probably wasn't what that benighted soul had in mind when he prematurely killed Tim Russert on Wikipedia. But the lure of being the one to update the accounts on reality will have people clamouring to yell "first" for as long as they have the option.
Posted Tue, Mar 31, 1:07 p.m. Inappropriate
Microsoft has killed Encarta: http://bit.ly/ripencarta
Many are calling for them to donate their content to the Wikimedia Foundation.
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