Deliver us from evil, and its denial
A Harvard-trained professor is accused of gunning down her university colleagues. It's a glimpse into the human capacity for evil, which we too often deny.
By Anivron/via Wikimedia Commons
Reading the stories about Dr. Amy Bishop, the Harvard-trained neuroscientist, accused of shooting six of her colleagues at the University of Alabama at Huntsville, and killing three, is a disturbing experience.
Part of what is disturbing is Bishop's history of previous incidents of violence and rage that were, it appears, either covered up or inadequately investigated. Another chilling feature is Bishop's behavior after such incidents. Not only did she not evidence remorse, she seemed completely unaware of what she had done. After the shooting in Huntsville, according to the Boston Herald, "she calmly called her husband and asked him to pick her up as if nothing had happened."
Mulling Bishop's horrendous story, I recalled an observation of psychologist Scott Peck in his book People of the Lie, "Evil arises in the refusal to acknowledge our own sins." If Peck is right, the world does not divide, as we might like to think, between the good people and the evil ones. Rather the divide is between those who are able to acknowledge their own capacity for evil and take responsibility for the wrong they do, and those who are unable to acknowledge their own evil and are blind to its consequences.
As a pastor, you get a chance to observe people, including yourself, closely, sometimes a lot more closely than you might wish. What I've learned does not, alas, confirm the American creed of optimism or the idea that deep down we are all basically good.
No, it's closer to Peck's observation. That is, we are all, in some measure, creatures who practice self-deception, who distort life, who deny, rationalize, and project our own evil. We only stand a chance of keeping evil in check by acknowledging our own, by admitting to its presence. Amy Bishop, for whatever combination of reasons and experience, seemed incapable of this. She had no part in her situation. It was someone else's fault. Others were to blame.
In this respect, Bishop while an extreme example of one unable to acknowledge her own capacity for evil and accept responsibility, seems not so much unique as symbolic.
Many of the dominating narratives in American life today operate by creating a sharp divide between "us" (the virtuous) and "them" (the source of all our problems). It may be the populist division of haves and have-nots. "It's all the fault of Wall Street bankers," say some without quite wanting to notice the wide participation in credit-to-the-max phenomenon. Or it may be the alleged distinction between "real Americans" and "the government," the kind of self-deception that led to the infamous, "Keep the government's hands off my Medicare" rant.
For Christians, it is the season of Lent, the 40-day period of self-examination and repentance that precedes Easter. If my read on these things is at all accurate, Lent has lost some traction in recent decades. To many, Lent appears a little too grim, gray, and dour. These days most of the mega-churches forego Lent entirely, preferring to keep things positive and upbeat.
That's hardly a surprise, for Lent asks us to ponder and confess our own capacity for evil and sin rather than blaming it all on someone else. Besides Lent losing traction, a related feature of the faith that today encounters resistance is the Prayer of Confession. With such a prayer, people acknowledge their own fault and failures. But as many pastors today will tell you, people (at least many) don't care for this and will complain. "This is too negative." "I don't come here to feel bad about myself."
To be sure, all such things, Lent and prayers of confession, can be distorted and abused. Moreover, there are Christians who have dutifully said their prayers of confession and kept Lent and still have been self-righteous SOB's But at their best, both are a paradoxical strengthening of our spiritual immune system. They probe our self-deceptions and challenge our denials. They do what Dr. Bishop, and increasingly our culture, seems to find difficult if not impossible to do: name our own capacity for evil and to take responsibility for our own part of the mess.
So here's a little Lenten gift. Two of my favorite prayers of confession, the first from the book Prayers from Riverside (The Riverside Church in New York City), the second written by John Vannorsdall when he was chaplain at Yale University.
"Deliver us, O God, from the habit of blaming others for our faults, and help us instead to become fluent in the language of confession. We acknowledge before Thee our frequent lapses into sin; our failure to follow through on good intentions; the mediocrity of our faith; the devices we have developed to keep at a distance needs that we could have met; our tendency to label others according to our prejudices, our fear of the new; and our unwillingness to change. Be patient with us yet awhile, and lead us through penitence and trust, so to mend our ways, that we may more nearly resemble Him whom we are pleased to called Master, Lord and Friend. Amen."
"O God, if we thought even a little about our failures of love and courage since we last gathered, there would be no strength for praise. Each of us brings some specific tearing of the fabric of your grace, some erosion of the time given for making peace and sharing hope. But what binds us most is the self-pride that assumes that until we are perfect you will not come among us and that no good thing can happen. From this rejection of your grace, deliver us. Amen."
A capacity to pray prayers such as these seems to me not a sign of weakness, but a sign of strength.
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Comments:
Posted Sat, Mar 6, 11:12 a.m. Inappropriate
Your reminder of the value of the Christian season of Lent and the spirit of self-reflection and humility that it encourages is appreciated--but I question whether the case of Dr. Bishop is best evaluated within the construct of good and evil.
From the descriptions I have read, this unfortunate (this dreadful) woman was mentally unbalanced in a way that, while expressed only sporadically, places her and her behavior in the domain of psychopathology. DSM-IV or -V might be the better guide to assessment, not the concepts of sin and evil that we ascribe to our ancestors' lapses in the Garden of Eden.
Granted, it's difficult to decide whether a person's conduct should be assessed in the domain of moral/ethical/religious expectation, or ascribed to psychologic and biologic causes. In this case, I tend to think that this woman suffered from a variant of borderline personality disorder and intermittent rage states that may well have had neuroanatomic causes (screwy electrochemicals and faulty wiring). This doesn't excuse, but may explain, her behavior in a way that is at least as plausible as the thought that she simply didn't spend enough time in self-reflection and self-improvement.
Posted Sat, Mar 6, 11:39 a.m. Inappropriate
Mr. Robinson, you are not a psychiatrist. Please don't conflate your theological training and pastoral experience (which likely did not include spending time with those with Dr. Bishop's degree of pathology) with at least 8 years of medical training and residency and then years of practice. Your article would be suitable for a sermon to Christians who agree with your ideology, but not on a general-interest blog that's read by members of the wider public who include those with expertise that you don't have. The mental picture of you attempting to convince Dr. Bishop, or anyone in her state, that they should consider the Prayer of Confession is painful for the display of both naivete and arrogance.
Posted Mon, Mar 8, 2 p.m. Inappropriate
The success rate of psychiatry is miserable. Further, Kierkegaard, a theologian, anticipated psychoanalytic thought without the reductionism as Ernst Becker showed. Narrowing down actions to faulty wiring ignores the fact that individuals are inherently symbolic and reflects a culture that fetishizes machines. Mental-health is not typical, but ideal-typical, a cultural prerogative beyond man. Therefore, it can not actually explain Dr. Bishop's actions with out reference to cultural metaphor, negation, and reduction.
Posted Mon, Mar 8, 2:34 p.m. Inappropriate
I agree with the two above comments that Pastor Robinson's piece is entirely off base. What use is there in evilizing what is a profound narcissistic injury venting itself in vengeful murder. That the perpetrator had dissociated the act immediately afterwards is typical of this syndrome, too. She has the kind of blank face I have seen in other psychotics, actually the face of her husband on photos is even more immediately disturbing.
Posted Mon, Mar 8, 5:47 p.m. Inappropriate
While I agree that perhaps there should not be such a sharp divide between "us" (the supposedly good) and "them," (those who are blamed, defamed, evil, etc..), a large number of people really do not wind up shooting 4 or 5 of their former colleagues, because they did not get tenure or a promotion. Whatever motives or psychological problems one may identify in the case of Amy Bishop, hers really is one of the extreme cases. Many people have what amount to minor character flaws and their "sins" really are mere pecadillos. While I understand that there is a strong theological basis behind the article and I even appreciate the Prayer of Confession that is cited, there is also a certain joylessness to the whole concept.
Posted Mon, Mar 8, 10:02 p.m. Inappropriate
I appreciate this piece, and think it's clear enough that Rev. Robinson is not playing psychiatrist, nor is he suggesting that Amy Bishop should have recited the abovementioned prayers. He says that her case seems symbolic of the general problem that it is hard for people to own their own destructiveness. I think he's right about that. It does seem like a hard thing to be joyful about. There's a reason why psychoanalyst Melanie Klein called this understanding of one's own destructiveness "the depressive position."
As a psychotherapist, I hate to see people blaming crimes like this on mental illness. The vast majority of mentally ill people manage not to murder anyone. It's hard to imagine anyone doing what Amy Bishop did *without* some degree of serious mental illness--but on the other hand, there must have been choice involved as well.
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