Dale Chihuly's big footprint

Turns out, glass-blowing has a very big carbon footprint. A single studio can release more carbon than 100 households.

Rendering of the Dale Chihuly "glass house" proposed for Seattle Center

Seattle Center

Rendering of the Dale Chihuly "glass house" proposed for Seattle Center

Dale Chihuly glass in Oklahoma City

Sue Frause

Dale Chihuly glass in Oklahoma City

While we debate the concept of a new Dale Chihuly glass temple at Seattle Center, here's another thing for a city striving for carbon-neutrality: Just how green is glass blowing?

Not very, it turns out. There are many environmental hazards in the hot shop, from handling toxic chemicals to dealing with glass dust silicates that can cause lung disease. Tacoma's Museum of Glass outlines some of these hazards on its website. But increasingly, glass studios are having to deal with the fact that their carbon footprints are enormous and the cost of keeping the furnaces going, in dollars and in carbon emissions, is significant. In an article in the Spring 2010 issue of Urban Glass Art Quarterly titled "Can glass go green?" editor Andrew Page outlines the challenge:

Rising fuel costs and a growing consensus that global warming is a real threat have set the stage for fresh approaches in a field that is quite possibly the most energy-intensive medium for the creation of art.

Fresh approaches means ways of not consuming so much natural gas and other fuels to keep hot shops running. Page writes that some glass studios are finding greener ways, such as the Northwest's Pilchuck Glass School, founded by Dale Chihuly, where furnaces are being upgraded and students taught to do more design work on computers and with models, when the furnaces aren't running. Nevertheless, glass studios burn a lot of fuel and belch carbon into the atmosphere in seeking to produce beautiful baubles for well-heeled collectors. According to Urban Glass, a rough carbon calculation that doesn't take into account a full commercial studio's operation pencils this way:

Figuring your carbon footprint is a simple equation. Multiply the therms listed on your gas bill by 12.0593. That is the number of pounds of carbon dioxide that is emitted as a result of burning one therm of natural gas. Then divide this sum by 2,205 to convert it into metric tons. A single metric ton of CO2 is what a car emits in about two months of driving, says Lisa A. Moore, a scientist with Environmental Defense. While equivalents vary, there is no question that glass studios contribute significant amounts of carbon to the atmosphere, a single large studio easily releasing the same amount of carbon as over 100 households. With two 1,000-pound day tanks, and seven glory holes, a public-access glass studio could easily produce 480 metric tons of carbon per year, or the equivalent annual output of approximately 70 cars, and that does not include the carbon generated by the use of electric annealers and other equipment.

A hundred households? Sounds like a suburban subdivision. Seventy cars? Sounds like a small fleet of commuters. Seattle and the region are home to numerous glass studios, from Pilchuck and the Glass Museum to Chihuly's prolific shop on Lake Union. According to the Seattle Convention and Vistor's Bureau, our "Metronatural" city has more glass blowing hot shops than any city in the world except Venice, Italy. One estimate puts the number at around 90 in Seattle.

That's a lot of greenhouse gas for art's sake.

Seattle city council president Richard Conlin is reportedly enthused about the new Chihuly complex at Seattle Center, calling it an "extraordinary opportunity," but he's also the one leading the charge against carbon emissions, the ones created to make Chihuly's glass works in the first place. The proposed glass house would be a monument to what can be produced if you burn enough fossil fuel in pursuit of a kind of commercial, artistic alchemy, but symbolically at least, doesn't it rather undercut the city's green messaging?


About the Author

Knute Berger is Mossback, Crosscut's chief Northwest native. He also writes the monthly Grey Matters column for Seattle magazine and is a weekly Friday guest on Weekday on KUOW-FM (94.9). His newest book is Pugetopolis: A Mossback Takes On Growth Addicts, Weather Wimps, and the Myth of Seattle Nice, published by Sasquatch Books. In 2011, he was named Writer-in-Residence at the Space Needle and is author of Space Needle, The Spirit of Seattle (2012), the official 50th anniversary history of the tower. You can e-mail him at mossback@crosscut.com.

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Comments:

Posted Mon, Mar 15, 2:25 p.m. Inappropriate

Maybe there is no decorative glass in the Green Utopia. No triple cheeseburgers. No macchias.

BlueLight

Posted Mon, Mar 15, 2:49 p.m. Inappropriate

The Seattle of my youth was a laid-back medium-size city with a sense of humor. This proves once and for all that such a place no longer exists.

orino

Posted Mon, Mar 15, 3:02 p.m. Inappropriate

No sense of humor???? C'mon, Orino, I thought my post was kinda funny. How 'bout this? No triple cheeseburgers. No ikebanas! How's that?

BlueLight

Posted Tue, Mar 16, 12:45 a.m. Inappropriate

Seriously?

"...With two 1,000-pound day tanks, and seven glory holes, a public-access glass studio could easily produce 480 metric tons of carbon per year, or the equivalent annual output of approximately 70 cars.."
Ninety glass studios? Oh dear. Wait till you count the number of Pottery Kilns, and Welders Torches out there.

Are you really so upset by a privately funded Chihuly museum that THIS is the issue you want to bring to the debate?

Wow. And how much carbon in burned running WEB SITE servers 24/7? The heat generated and the AC needed to cool one good bank of servers, say at Crosscut, I bet it would equal the carbon footprint of 70 cars.

Have you ever measured the therms of all the Grill type restaurants in Seattle? Grilled food providers could be the next big issue. BK, notice has been served! Should we levy a carbon tax on cremation?

Have you looked at Mariners Extra Innings and Carbon Emissions? What about the extra heat generated from longer games than expected on TV and Radio?

70 cars a day?.

If you bulldozed Key Arena, all the theaters, the Pacific Science Center, Fisher Pavilion, Memorial Stadium and the Needle, you would STILL have less open space than a lot of existing Seattle Parks, like Seward, Magnuson, Discovery, Lincoln, and Green Lake just to cite a few.

And MORE than 70 cars a day drive to all of these. Pretty sure of it.

Posted Tue, Mar 16, 8:20 a.m. Inappropriate

Knute -

Never let it be said that you don't get people thinking. This issue of carbon neutrality seems like it has the potential to be devastating to the economies of American cities.

Obviously a glass blowing shop is not carbon neutral. By that measure how can someone like Richard Conlin support it if he supports a carbon neutral city? So now we're put in the position of a government employee apparently deciding what businesses are acceptable and which ones are not based on whether they feel like supporting carbon neutrality or not. Apparently the government is happy to turn a blind eye to this famous artist who would apparently bring in some bucks for the city government.

Since a glass blowing business is not carbon neutral, how about if the glass shop bought all of their glass pieces from China and then just sold them. Is that carbon neutral? You can see where this discussion leads. The question that Knute I think is implicitly raising is that where we want to drive our economy? It's a profound and extremely far reaching issue.

Posted Tue, Mar 16, 1:57 p.m. Inappropriate

"By that measure how can someone like Richard Conlin support it if he supports a carbon neutral city?"

Well he supports carbon neutrality for the other guy. You know, the knuckle-dragging Joe Sixpack (and all the "dirty" industries that employ him). There's always exceptions for good liberals. Just like growth management. It's only the blue-collar (and the poor!) that we, really, want to squeeze into urban zoos. The rest, you know... the smart ones... they can live in the suburbs and blow glass to their heart's content.

It's nice to see you, finally, waking up to the hypocrisy (or at the very least, the inconsistencies) of the social-engineering class.

BlueLight

Posted Tue, Mar 16, 2:49 p.m. Inappropriate

If the furnaces were powered with electricity, and that source is City Light, and City Light is carbon neutral or better, than isn't the question moot if the furnace emissions are filtered or cleaned some how? I'm assuming there is some off-gassing in the glass manipulation process that would need to be dealt with but don't really know.

The criticism of Richard Conlin's seeming support of glass blowing in general and Chilhuly in particular in relation to his stance on our city's carbon policy being presented as somehow hypocritical seems a sophomoric canard at best. I should hope that our goal of carbon neutrality would be more sophisticated than an piecemeal cherry picking of GHG contributers without regard to other benefits they may bring. Perhaps Dale's (or knuckle draggin' Joe Sixpack's) business is worth the carbon output and/or that output can be mitigated somewhere else. Perhaps with some creative engineering other solutions present themselves.

I would agree that there needs to be a discussion as to how to best encourage a sustainable economic model for our City in light of anthropogenic climate change and that top down decrees of any industry's relative worth by a "government employee" is not ideal. But to use the tone of some aggravated tea bagging jerk off is hardly constructive and not well suited to discourse (not that calling someone a tea baggin jerk off is, either, but I must be indulged in this instance).

And, for the record, the notion of a Chihuly museum at Seattle Center is, in my view, appalling for legitimate reasons that need not be so tenuous an association.

troutbum

Posted Wed, Mar 17, 11:17 a.m. Inappropriate

Let me be clear, troutbum the anonymous, I don't support carbon neutrality. It just seems to monumentally impossible, if it's even needed. Plus as corrupted and criminal-infested our federal government is, I would never support anything that gives more power to the federal government. I also find it curious why part of the solution isn't to plant more trees, which clean our environment as part of their natural function.

If we want to become more carbon neutral, the first thing that the President and Congress (and you) should support is ending the illegal foreign wars under the false pretend was of the 'war on terror'. Just imagine how much carbon is emitted every day by the bombers, airplanes, tanks, trucks, depleted uranium weapons being deployed in the Middle East.

This whole discussion of 'carbon neutrality' is a sophomoric canard when President Obama is engaged in 2 illegal, undeclared wars and now he's mobilizing for another undeclared, illegal bombing war against Iran. I think someone like Knute would be the perfect author to compare and contrast how Congress wants to pass Carbon Exchange legislation while engaging in these wasteful carbon un-neutral wars being fought on false claims backed up by fraudulent evidence.

Posted Mon, Mar 22, 3:13 p.m. Inappropriate

It's all in how you spin it, Richard. Climate Change - as we've all been told - is anthropogenic. People are destroying the planet. Kill people, save the planet. War is green.

BlueLight

Posted Sat, Mar 27, 9:20 a.m. Inappropriate

Aside from the other pros and cons of the proposed glass museum at Seattle Center, there is one potential advantage to the location. "Waste" heat from the furnaces could be used to heat other Seattle Center buildings and the hot water they need. This would mitigate the carbon impact of the glass production in a way that is not practical if the glass is produced in a rural area far from other buildings.

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