How hospitals became today's cathedrals

The rise of "destination wellness centers," like Swedish's lavish new hospital in Issaquah, makes one despair of, among other things, ever getting health-care costs under control.

Swedish/Issaquah Hospital: a destination wellness center.

Swedish

Swedish/Issaquah Hospital: a destination wellness center.

Theologian Stanley Hauerwas argues that it is possible to assess where a society places its trust by observing which of its buildings are the most imposing and impressive.

I recalled this observation as I read about the new $365 million Swedish/Issaquah hospital (check that: “Wellness Center”), which comes complete with five-story atrium, shopping mall, spa, and destination restaurant. Swedish executive Kevin Brown was quoted as saying, “It’s not your father’s hospital.”

The article, which described both regional and national trends in hospital and medical center design and construction, indicated that many of the newer facilities were “less fortress and more community center.” One wonders what it says about a society if a hospital or health care facility is not only its most imposing building but also thought to be the “community center?”

If theologian Hauerwas is right, it means that these days we are placing our bets on health care and medical centers to save us. Which is one of the reasons that health care “reform” or not, we are unlikely to get our health-care costs under control.

Hauerwas points out that in the Middle Ages, and really for most of human history, the predominant buildings were religious: Notre Dame Cathedral. St. Peter’s Basilica, the Masjid al Haram Mosque in Mecca, the Great Temple in Jerusalem. In the 19th center the industrial plant or factory began to compete with temples and shrines. Sometime in the mid-twentieth century the huge skyscapers and monolithic office complexes symbolized our trust in human technology and economic progress.

Today? The most impressive “cathedrals” are our enormous medical centers. St. James’ Cathedral on Capital Hill is dwarfed by its neighbor, Swedish Hospital.

Certainly the amenities of the new “destination wellness centers,” including greater use of natural light, individual rooms to reduce risk of infection, first class restaurants and shops, not to mention millions spent on the latest in medical technology and devices, have their benefits and appeal. But what does it say about a society when these are our largest and most imposing structures?

Perhaps this, that we doubt there is really anything other than or beyond this life and we’d better prolong as long and with as much help as we possibly can. Such is the diminished faith of 21st century modern culture that we look to medical centers for our hope and salvation.

There are of course other concerns. Who exactly will get into these lavish new facilities for treatment? Hospitals are apparently in heavy competition for health-care consumers (no longer “patients”) and particularly the well-insured ones. Is this really a good plan, a great system, competing for the health-care buyer with the greatest buying power? Doesn’t it exacerbate our already amazing capacity for denying death and mortality, and also privilege the most affluent?

For my work I do a good bit of traveling. In one stretch last fall I found myself in a string of mid-size cities including Allentown, PA, Dayton, Ohio, Kalamazoo, Michigan, and Syracuse, New York. In every one of these cities and others the economy was in a shambles. Downtowns were on life-support. Empty offices and plants were everywhere.

But in each city the one point of civic pride was the “medical center.” I would be driven by as my guide told me of the “best-in-the-world doctors and facilities” here in Dayton or Kalamazoo. “People,” they would intone, “come from miles around.” I thought of the pilgrimages of an earlier era to Lourdes. Now we make our pilgrimage to the Mayo Clinic.

After half a dozen such experiences, I became a skeptic about ever containing health care costs. After all, these facilities are not only a point of civic pride and nearly religious devotion; in most of these towns they appeared to be the most viable part of the economy.

“It’s not your father’s hospital,” as the Swedish executive about Swedish/Issaquah, and I’m sure that’s true. Still, the advent of the destination hospital, and of the medical center qua community center, makes me long for society where health care wasn’t the center of our lives.


About the Author

Anthony B. (Tony) Robinson is President of Seattle-based Congregational Leadership Northwest. He speaks and writes, nationally and internationally, on religious life and leadership. He is the author of 10 books. Crosscut readers may particularly enjoy Common Grace (Sasquatch Books). His blog, "What's Tony Thinking?", is at his website, www.anthonybrobinson.com.

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Comments:

Posted Wed, Jun 1, 5:04 p.m. Inappropriate

As almost always a thoughtful observation. Thanks Rob

AdamRedux

Posted Wed, Jun 1, 6:16 p.m. Inappropriate

Excellent article, ABR. I was completely stunned and when I read about this project in the local press. I find it utterly depressing.

Bella

Posted Wed, Jun 1, 7:32 p.m. Inappropriate

No one wants to check into or visit someone in a shabby old hospital. On the other hand, this trend toward hospital as Taj Mahal is ominous and does not bode well for getting a grip on relentlessly rising health costs at a time when wages are stagnant or declining and the ranks of the ensured are dwindling in spite of decades attempted health care reforms.

Mud Baby

Posted Wed, Jun 1, 7:36 p.m. Inappropriate

Swedish is a non-profit entity, just like St. James across the street from the First Hill campus. Swedish performs a service that many Christian facilities also provide. It is interesting that you didn't mention the $500 million facility that the Providence - a Catholic institution - built in Everett.

These hospitals, like the cathedrals of old Europe, survive by attracting people to their doors. Cathedrals were never about honoring God. They were about having the biggest draw for pilgrims. But the mission of those cathedrals like Notre Dame or Chartres or Canterbury were the same as the mission of today's non-profit hospitals like Swedish or Providence or Sacred Heart: improving the lives of the people they serve.

It is sad that our society has diminished faith, but don't confuse a lack of support for fancy church buildings with a lack of support for doing God's work in the world. Someone who shows up at Swedish Issaquah who is sick will be cared for, regardless of how fancy the facility itself is and regardless of their ability to pay.

The current strategy at Swedish of opening the ambulatory care centers and the new Issaquah hospital is designed to ensure that there is enough funding to continue to provide primary and specialty care at the city campuses. Swedish has a narrow margin, and the types of insurance that many of the urban patients have don't pay enough to cover the cost of their care, but by including the higher reimbursements from better insurance plans in wealthier areas there are more resources to help all of their customers.

Medical centers should be a point of civic pride in the same way that cathedrals used to be. They show a community's support for the idea of healing those who are sick. Where communities once pointed with pride to the facilities designed to save souls, they now point with pride to the facilities designed to save lives. Better for a community to be proud of a medical center than a stadium or a shopping mall. Sure, you don't need a fancy building to care for the sick, but you don't need the Vatican's priceless art collection and the Sistine Chapel to save souls, either.

talisker

Posted Wed, Jun 1, 8:54 p.m. Inappropriate

Medical centers such as the one touted don't show a community's support for the idea of healing. They show the medical corporation's marketing success. That huge cathedral ceiling wasn't built for people without insurance to enjoy. However, the Mayo Clinic certainly healed a lot more people than Lourdes did.

sarah90

Posted Wed, Jun 1, 9:24 p.m. Inappropriate

talisker Wrote:
"Sure, you don't need a fancy building to care for the sick, but you don't need the Vatican's priceless art collection and the Sistine Chapel to save souls, either."

Non sequiter aside, thank you for confirming to all of us that healing the sick doesn't require a fancy building.

Bella

Posted Wed, Jun 1, 11:24 p.m. Inappropriate

Societies build temples to the thing that is most important to them in their time.

Looking around American towns and cities you can see remnants of a time when K-12 education was the big priority. Every town has huge dominating school buildings that tower over their communities--for instance Coleman, Garfield and Franklin High schools.

Today's generation fears nothing more that their own mortality and invest great sums to build magnificent temples in a futile effort attempt to stave off death and suffering.

peter d

Posted Thu, Jun 2, 8:56 a.m. Inappropriate

What is the source of the capital to build the new Swedish facility?

Posted Thu, Jun 2, 9:19 a.m. Inappropriate

I also had some second thoughts as I read the original article. How will our citizens with little or no insurance be able to afford this "Wellness Center"? Does that mean private pay and insurance patients factor into the bottom line? If hospitals are our new cathedrals, does that mean that the Docs are our god? Worth some thought. Thanks Tony for stirring the pot! - Marvin Eckfeldt

marveck

Posted Thu, Jun 2, 10:30 a.m. Inappropriate

Speaking of education, Peter D, our college campuses also come to mind. Two examples in particular: the Cathedral of Learning at Pitt (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathedral_of_Learning) and our very own Suzzallo Library, especially the Graduate Reading Room (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzzallo_Library). Both built around the same time: the late '20s-early '30s.

The new medical buildings may be imposing, and what goes on in them is certainly valuable, but architecturally I wouldn't class them as impressive--at least not in the same way some of their predecessors were. I may just have a bias toward early-20th-century and Art Deco architecture (in fact, I'm sure I have), but give me Pacific Medical Center, the original Harborview, and Swedish Cherry Hill (formerly Providence) over Swedish Issaquah any day, from the standpoint of their exteriors.

Posted Thu, Jun 2, 1:08 p.m. Inappropriate

On the continued struggle to keep down skyrocketing health care costs, salaries/bonuses are an even bigger issue. Susannah Frame/King5 did a great job of highlighting the problem at a local public hospital district:

http://www.king5.com/home/valley-medical-center-122473009.html

Anthony

Posted Thu, Jun 2, 7:16 p.m. Inappropriate

Michael Cain, the new Swedish campus is being funded by the company that is leasing the facility to Swedish. Swedish isn't spending much capital on it from what I understand.

talisker

Posted Fri, Jun 3, 10:01 a.m. Inappropriate

Yet another major triumph of form over substance. I entered the ER of a splendiferous metro hospital (named after a saint) in Kansas City for a stomach ache, and was released after 3 days of TESTS with a $30,000 bill. I had a single room with a plush sitting area, 2 LCD TV's, internet movies on demand, and gourmet restaurant food. I was shocked at how much all that luxury must be costing...whom? Hospitals, once meant to treat the sick and infirm, have been transmogrified into profit-making industries bent on enticing new customers in the glitziest way possible, just like the insurers. They assess financial before physical viability to determine how much money they can get from our 'plans'. Who can still believe we don't need drastic healthcare reform?

Posted Fri, Jun 3, 1:45 p.m. Inappropriate

I'll believe these luxury hospitals are serious about serving everyone when they build one in Rainier Valley.

nordy

Posted Fri, Jun 3, 4:19 p.m. Inappropriate

There's a reason why this hospital is being built in Issaquah instead of Rainier Valley and I'm sure everyone knows it: the cadillac insurance plans (and expectations of luxury) of Issaquah residents compared to those of Rainier Valley.

Hospitals which do not receive tax money don't have to provide uncompensated care. They must treat "bleeding-breathing" emergencies in their ERs but they needn't do anything else for people without insurance.

sarah90

Posted Fri, Jun 3, 5:54 p.m. Inappropriate

The medicalization of our society marches on. Everything is an illnes, and has a cure. The "cure" is preceeded by tests, often imaging studies that cost the most and treated with procedures and medicines that are priced to equal what the market will bear. Well, the market is just about bare and until the expectations of we the people, lower from reaching for the Taj and instead choosing integrated care that keeps people out of the hospital by early intervention and the newest technolgy not currently used much...listening to the patient and looking at the patinet... we will never reach health care reform. But we might just reach insolvency.
Mel

MelBSea

Posted Sun, Jun 5, 8:31 p.m. Inappropriate

But do they have the expensive machine that goes "bing"?

Posted Wed, Jun 8, 7:44 p.m. Inappropriate

And where would those soon-to-be Swedish/Issaquah patients have gone otherwise? To other Eastside hospitals, mostly. And are those hospitals so overcrowded that they can't wait for Swedish to alleviate their stress? Of course not. Those competitors will become less efficient once they lose those patients, which individuals and employers on the Eastside in particular will pay for. This is another example of a market behemoth who has manipulated the system to build overcapacity.
Swedish is less efficient operationally by a long shot than any of the other three Eastside hospitals, and their quality outcomes are no better. They are also paid a lot more by insurance companies than their competitors (anywhere from 15-30%), which makes no sense, and will now cost employers more for healthcare on the Eastside. Swedish is a great brand, but it is not a great hospital, at least when evaluated across a wide spectrum of objective and publicly available measures. I am not saying it is a bad hospital, but "value" is about the last word that should come to mind. They have also offered just about every doc on the Eastside a fat employment offer, which so far hasn’t really worked for them, but which is also driving up costs as others are forced to match or exceed these offers.
Re an earlier post about leasing vs capital, typically an organization only leases when it doesn't have the capital, and virtually any CFO will tell you leasing is nearly always more expensive than capital investment, and those costs get passed on to customers. Swedish isn’t leasing because it will benefit the consumer, it is doing it because it doesn’t have the balance sheet strength to invest. Heck, they're millions short of fully funding their pension obligations as it is. Just look at their audited financials.
Take the pilgrimage if you must when they open, but keep in mind the donation plate you’ll be seeing is a whole lot larger than you’re probably used to. And start to say goodbye to your locally governed and independent local Eastide hospitals, because they are probably going to have to eventually join a larger system in order to compete (and that will also cost everyone on the Eastside even more)!

QAMan

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