'Today, we are all Norwegian'

Reflections on political terror and the Scandinavian experience in the Northwest.

The island off Oslo where the terrorist attack took place

Minnesota Public Radio

The island off Oslo where the terrorist attack took place

The ruins of the World Trade Center

Library of Congress

The ruins of the World Trade Center

A Facebook post has become an anthem of the chin-scratching class from Beijing to Ballard: I dag er vi alle Norske. "Today, we are all Norwegian."

The scale of Anders Behring Breivik's political terror is extraordinary. Even among Lutheran existentialists, violence is not suppose to be visited upon the innocent, and God is never so jarringly absent.

For Norwegian Americans, expressions of solidarity kindle feelings of both grief and ethnic hubris. Really, we are all Norwegian? We all rank first on the Human Development Index and produce above-average children? Oh, you wish you were Norwegian.

Scandinavian immigrants changed the cultural landscape of the Northwest, transplanting a tradition of political progressivism, fair play, and trade unionism. There might even be a link, however tenuous, between Norse immigrants and the Northwest's appetite for clean, ponderous, process-heavy government. For a time, along with Swedes and Germans, Norwegians were the vanguard of Washington's post-colonial settlers. The Norse were weaned and influenced by the Jante Law, a sense not that everyone is equal per se, just that no one is better than anyone else. Suck it up. Don't be a braggart and accept life on life's terms.

My paternal grandparents were part of the great Norwegian diaspora which, unlike other ethnic dispersals, never quite made sense. There was no political or economic disaster to flee. My grandparents received the promotional brochures brandishing the American West, and they bit. They discovered a near-identical climate and a land that blended nature with labor. After a time, they happened upon Our Savior's Lutheran Church in Everett and the stolid Rev. Karl Norgaard, who conducted his sermons in Norwegian. For them, the Pacific Northwest was Norway, only more so.

Like the Irish, the Chinese, the Italians, and other immigrant communities, Norwegian-Americans have an emotive link to their ancestral home. That's why the ripples from Anders Behring Breivik's terror radiate with such force.

As a child I devoured Claire Sterling's book, The Terror Network. Sterling was able to document the vast organizational web that knit together the IRA, the PLO, Germany's Baader-Meinhof gang, Italy's Red Brigades, and other disparate 1970s-era radical groups. Commandos trained together and learned the fundamentals of asymmetrical warfare. Here's how to manufacture a car bomb. Here's how to hijack a commercial airliner.

In the aftermath of 9/11, Sterling's book reminded me of the difference between mass political violence — of violence with an ideological agenda, which 9/11 was — and the violence of a lone, apolitical actor. It's one of the reasons why the expression "The War on Terror" makes as little sense as "The War on Fertilizer Bombs."

In brief, Anders Behring Breivik's mass shooting and bombing represent xenophobic political violence. Breivik had a strategic and instrumental purpose: To foster panic and to murder future leaders of Norway's Labor party. Period. The "madman" explanation is a cop out.

Books such as Ian Buruma's Murder in Amsterdam regarding Theo van Gogh's killing illustrate how Scandinavia and Northern Europe are riven by ethnic and sectarian tensions. Breivik stands on the unsteady shoulders of Pim Fortuyn, Vidkun Quisling, and other master-race reactionaries. If there's an American analog to Breivik it's Nidal Malik Hasan, the Fort Hood shooter. So forget the riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma version. Political violence is what it is: it has the power to inflame, diminish, or unite a people.

Here's the takeaway: Breivik does not appear to be a mentally ill rebel without a cause. He is a political actor with a political agenda committed to mass political violence. It's a horror narrative that would have repelled Sweden's Igmar Bergman, who in his films explored God's silence and the mystery of death. No, this is Costa-Gavras territory, an admixture of violence and politics and society.

Americans understand both narratives. Today, we are all Norwegian. We always were.

There will be a vigil, starting at 6 pm, this Tuesday night at the Nordic Heritage Museum, with honorary Norwegian counsul Kim Nesselquist attending.


About the Author

Pete Jackson, a former gubernatorial speechwriter, lives in Seattle. You can reach him in care of editor@crosscut.com.

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Comments:

Posted Tue, Jul 26, 8:26 a.m. Inappropriate

excellent and evocative piece that reminds us that we are, in the finest moments, one family. I have no Norwegian blood, but greatly appreciate the world-view and civility and bravery of her people. This tragedy is doubly jarring coming in a place I associate with safety and civility.

Ammons

Posted Tue, Jul 26, 12:13 p.m. Inappropriate

Just FYI, Pim Fortuyn was no "master race reactionary."

Posted Tue, Jul 26, 1:17 p.m. Inappropriate

Ugg... the Claire Sterling book rears its ugly head in civil discourse once again. Mr. Jackson, its been long enough to forget the controversy around that book so it might be helpful to put it into context.

Jackson wrote that book in the early 1980s with a bunch of "deep CIA sources" stationed around europe... mostly Rome. It basically was the mouthpiece of the wing of the CIA that believed that all terrorism was part of a grand conspiracy founded and run exclusively by Moscow. Now who was the biggest believer in this worldview? William Casey, the head of the CIA. The problem is that they did not have intel to back much of this up. What they DID have is a willing journalist who was more than amenable to put their fantasies and supposition in print. Once the book was in print, Casey called it his favorite book, touted it around washington as "proof" of his worldview, and using it as justification to set up shadow intel units. He never really acknowledged his role in generating the original "proof" in the first place. If it sounds like Donald Rumsfeld leaking false info to the NY Times then going on other interviews telling people "I saw it today in the NY Times" it's because it is exactly like that.

The irony is that there were certain connections between the some terror groups of the 70s, both significant and insignificant. But the fundamental falseness of Sterling's book has become more obvious as the years wore on. The Baader-Meinhof Gang trained in Jordan at a Palestinian camp in may and june of 1970, for instance. But it was, for the most part, a tourist version of a true training camp, and the germans were kicked out for, among other things, having their women sunbathe naked in front of the muslim male palestinians.

These groups would work together on actions occasionally, but mostly these were independent organizations fueled by their own internal reasoning. And they weren't part of some Moscow-directed uber conspiracy as Sterling and Willam Casey wanted us to believe.

West German terrorists tried to kill my mom and dad in Berlin in 1971 and I do find it annoying when the facts and motivations of the morons responsible are continually misused and misstated. Their motivations were awful enough as it is, we don't need to make up grand conspiracies to muddy them further.

my website: www.baader-meinhof.com goes into a lot of detail on this stuff if people are further interested in the hows and whys of the world's first modern celebrity terrorists, the Baader-Meinhof Gang.

lazespud

Posted Thu, Jul 28, 9:46 p.m. Inappropriate

This piece is an excellent meditation on the disaster of modern life that visits even the most benign of societies. Outrage and analysis--we need more of both so that we might better understand why we have all failed. Thanks for writing this--the toughest of jobs--especially because it's close to your heart.

bkochis

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